| Habitat |
It is found
growing wild and is also cultivated throughout India,
ascending to an altitude of 2,200m in the Himalayas.
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| Morphology
Description (Habit) |
A.calamus
is a semi-aquatic, perennial, aromatic herb with creeping
rhizomes. The rhizome is horizontal, jointed, somewhat
vertically compressed and spongy within. It is pale to dark
brown in colour; the leaves are grass-like or sword shaped,
long and slesnder; flowers are small, yellow-green and in a
spadix.
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| Principal
Constituents |
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The important constituents of Indian calamus oil are asarone and
its ß-isomer. The dried rhizomes constitute the drug Calamus of
commerce. The rhizomes, roots and leaves yield a light brown to
brownish yellow volatile oil known as Calamus oil.
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| Indications |
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In the Ayurvedic system of medicine, the rhizomes are considered
to possess anti-spasmodic, carminative and anthelmintic properties,
and, are used for the treatment of a host of diseases such as
epilepsy and other mental ailments, chronic diarrhoea, dysentery,
bronchial catarrh, intermittent fevers, glandular and abdominal
tumours. They are also used to treat kidney and liver troubles,
rheumatism and eczema.
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